International Family Law

Registering a Foreign Marriage in Brazil: the Consulate, the Registry Office, and What Changes When Neither Spouse Is Brazilian

Published November 4, 2026.

In short. A marriage celebrated abroad is not invalid in Brazil because it was never registered here; what registration gives it is a Brazilian record — the record that a registry office, an inheritance or a later divorce in Brazil works from. If one of the spouses is Brazilian, that record is made by transcription (traslado) at the First Registry Office of the Brazilian spouse's domicile in Brazil, or of the Federal District when there is none, either from a consular marriage certificate or directly from the foreign certificate with an apostille and a sworn translation. If neither spouse is Brazilian, the national rules I read do not provide that transcription at all: the foreign certificate is used in Brazil with an apostille, a sworn translation and, to produce effects before public offices, registration at a Registry of Titles and Documents.

This article is written for the foreign spouse — and for the couple in which no one is Brazilian — who needs the marriage to count in Brazil. It also answers the question in the other direction: whether a marriage celebrated in Brazil is legal in the United States or the United Kingdom. I am Luiz Barros, a Brazilian attorney (OAB/AL 7.530), and I read the texts quoted here on November 3, 2026, in their official sources: the Public Registries Law (Law 6,015/1973), the Civil Code, the Law of Introduction to the Norms of Brazilian Law, the Apostille Convention as promulgated in Brazil (Decree 8,660/2016), National Justice Council Resolution 155/2012 and the National Code of Notarial and Registry Rules (Provision 149/2023), and the marriage-registration pages of the Brazilian consular posts in Washington, London and Helsinki.

Register a foreign marriage in Brazil, in one answer

To register a foreign marriage in Brazil when one spouse is Brazilian, you have two routes: register it first at a Brazilian consular post, under that post's own rules, and then transcribe the consular certificate at the First Registry Office (in Portuguese, Cartório de 1º Ofício) in Brazil, or skip the consulate and file the foreign certificate — apostilled and translated by a Brazilian sworn translator — directly at that Registry Office. The transcription needs four things under article 13 of CNJ Resolution 155/2012: the marriage certificate, the Brazilian spouse's birth certificate (or proof that a prior marriage ended), a declaration or proof of domicile, and an application signed by one of the spouses or by an attorney-in-fact. No court order is required.

The Civil Code asks for the registration within 180 days of the return of one or both spouses to Brazil (article 1,544). If neither spouse is Brazilian, there is no transcription under these rules: the foreign certificate is apostilled, translated and registered at a Registry of Titles and Documents when it must produce effects before Brazilian public offices (Law 6,015/1973, article 129, item 6).

Your marriage is already valid in Brazil — registration gives it effect

Registration is not what makes the marriage valid. The first thing to set aside is the fear that an unregistered marriage does not exist in Brazil. The Public Registries Law starts from the opposite premise. Its article 32 says that the marriage records of Brazilians made abroad are authentic under the law of the place where they were made:

Os assentos de nascimento, óbito e de casamento de brasileiros em país estrangeiro serão considerados autênticos, nos termos da lei do lugar em que forem feitos, legalizadas as certidões pelos cônsules ou quando por estes tomados, nos termos do regulamento consular.

The birth, death and marriage records of Brazilians in a foreign country shall be considered authentic under the law of the place where they were made, the certificates being legalized by the consuls, or when taken by them, under the consular regulation.

Its first paragraph adds the condition that matters in practice: those records serão, porém, transladados nos cartórios de 1º Ofício do domicílio do registrado ou no 1º Ofício do Distrito Federal, em falta de domicílio conhecido, quando tiverem de produzir efeito no País […] — shall, however, be transcribed at the First Registry Office of the registrant's domicile, or of the Federal District where no domicile is known, when they are to produce effects in Brazil. CNJ Resolution 155/2012, which sets the national procedure, says what that transcription is for. Its article 13, § 11, states that the transcription tem o objetivo de dar publicidade e eficácia ao casamento, já reconhecido válido para o ordenamento brasileiro, possibilitando que produza efeitos jurídicos plenos no território nacional — it aims to give publicity and effectiveness to a marriage already recognized as valid under Brazilian law, so that it produces full legal effects in Brazil.

So the question is not whether you are married in Brazil. You are — provided the marriage does not offend national sovereignty, public order or good morals (Resolution 155/2012, article 13, § 10; Law of Introduction, article 17). The question is whether the Brazilian system can see it. A Brazilian spouse who stays registered as single in the Brazilian civil registry is not single; the marriage is simply invisible to every office that works from Brazilian records. That is why the registration usually becomes urgent at a bad moment — a death, a property sale, a residence application, a divorce — rather than the day after the wedding.

Whose marriage is registered: the rule speaks of Brazilians

Read the texts closely and they all speak of the same thing. Article 32 of the Public Registries Law covers records de brasileiros em país estrangeiro. Article 1 of Resolution 155 covers the transcription of records de brasileiros em país estrangeiro, made in Book “E” of the First Registry Office sem a necessidade de autorização judicial — without a court order. Article 13, the marriage article, opens with O traslado do assento de casamento de brasileiro ocorrido em país estrangeiro — the transcription of the marriage record of a Brazilian that took place in a foreign country. And article 462 of the National Code of Notarial and Registry Rules sends the transcription of records de brasileiros em país estrangeiro back to Resolution 155.

Two consequences follow, and both are routinely missed.

If one of you is Brazilian, the foreign spouse is part of the file but not its subject. The record that is transcribed is the Brazilian spouse's marriage. That is why the documents of article 13 ask for the Brazilian spouse's birth certificate and not yours. Separately, item “d” of article 13 allows an application signed by one of the spouses or by an attorney-in-fact, so a foreign spouse can start the process alone.

If neither of you is Brazilian, there is no transcription under these national rules. Two foreigners who married in Portugal, in the United States or in Argentina and move to Brazil do not have a Brazilian record to create. Their marriage is proved by their foreign certificate, and the Public Registries Law tells them how a foreign document produces effects here. Its article 129 lists what is subject to registration at the Registry of Titles and Documents para surtir efeitos em relação a terceiros — to take effect against third parties — and item 6 reads:

6º) todos os documentos de procedência estrangeira, acompanhados das respectivas traduções, para produzirem efeitos em repartições da União, dos Estados, do Distrito Federal, dos Territórios e dos Municípios ou em qualquer instância, juízo ou tribunal;

6) all documents of foreign origin, accompanied by their translations, to produce effects in offices of the Union, the States, the Federal District, the Territories and the Municipalities, or before any court or tribunal;

Article 148 completes it: foreign-language documents deverão, entretanto, ser vertidos em vernáculo e registrada a tradução to produce legal effects in Brazil and against third parties. In practice, the foreign couple's certificate travels with an apostille from the country that issued it, a sworn translation made in Brazil, and — when a public office or a court is going to rely on it — registration at a Registry of Titles and Documents. Guides online say that two foreigners can “transcribe” their marriage at the First Registry Office like anyone else; the national texts I read do not provide that, and whether a given state's rules for registry offices allow an entry of this kind is a question of state rules I did not read for this article.

One more case belongs here: the foreign spouse who later naturalizes as Brazilian. From then on there is a Brazilian in the marriage, and article 13, § 1 provides for it — when the marriage record refers to a naturalized Brazilian, the file must also carry o certificado de naturalização ou outro documento que comprove a nacionalidade brasileira, the naturalization certificate or another document proving Brazilian nationality.

Two routes: the Brazilian consulate, or straight to the First Registry Office

Where one spouse is Brazilian, there are two ways to reach the same Brazilian record.

Route 1 — consular registration, then transcription. The couple registers the marriage at a Brazilian consular post, under the rules on that post's own page; the Washington and Helsinki pages also accept marriages celebrated in another country, with that certificate apostilled or legalized first. The post issues a Brazilian consular marriage certificate, in Portuguese, and that certificate is then transcribed at the First Registry Office in Brazil. Item “a” of article 13 accepts it as it is: a certidão de assento de casamento emitida por autoridade consular brasileira. Item “a” lists it without the legalization and the sworn translation it requires of a foreign certificate: the consular certificate is already a Brazilian document.

Route 2 — directly at the First Registry Office. The couple skips the consulate and files the foreign certificate itself. Item “a” describes that document as a certidão estrangeira de casamento legalizada por autoridade consular brasileira e traduzida por tradutor público juramentado — a foreign marriage certificate legalized by a Brazilian consular authority and translated by a Brazilian sworn public translator. The word “legalized” in a 2012 text needs updating for most countries, and the Resolution itself points the way: its article 2, § 3, tells registrars to observe the multilateral or bilateral agreements to which Brazil is a party that waive the legalization of public documents. Since Brazil joined the Apostille Convention (promulgated by Decree 8,660/2016), each contracting state dispensará a legalização dos documentos aos quais se aplica a presente Convenção — shall exempt from legalization the documents to which the Convention applies (article 2), and the only formality that may be required is the apostille issued by the competent authority of the state where the document originated (article 3). So a certificate from the United States, the United Kingdom or another contracting state is apostilled where it was issued, not legalized at a Brazilian consulate; a certificate from a country outside the Convention still goes through consular legalization. The firm's article on the Brazil apostille explains who apostilles what, and why the translation must be made by a sworn translator in Brazil.

Which route is better depends on where you are, not on a rule. If you live near the consular post and whoever your post requires can attend, the consular certificate is the cleanest document to carry to Brazil. If you are already in Brazil, or the post is far away, or the marriage has already ended — see below — the direct route avoids an appointment abroad. Neither route is faster by law; both end at the same First Registry Office.

At the consulate: the rules change from post to post

The consular part is where most guides generalize, and where I see couples lose an appointment. The procedure is set by each post's page, and the three pages I read on November 3, 2026 do not say the same thing.

  • Washington (Consulate General). The page says that for the registration “the Brazilian spouse must appear in person at the Consulate. If both spouses are Brazilian, either spouse may appear.” It asks for the original U.S. certificate in “long form”, a translation only if the document is not in Portuguese, English, French or Spanish, identification and a recent civil-status certificate of the Brazilian spouse, the foreign spouse's passport or driver's license (and a birth certificate if the document does not show place of birth and parentage), a declaration that the foreign spouse has never been married to a Brazilian national, and a consular fee of US$ 20.00 by USPS money order. It also states that the Consulate General cannot register marriages that have already been dissolved by divorce.
  • London (Consulate General). The page says the registration “cannot be done by post or power of attorney”, asks for the full form of the British marriage certificate (“Certified Copy of an Entry”) with no previous legalisation, the Brazilian spouse's documents, the foreign spouse's passport and birth certificate (or another identification document which contains the parents' full names), and, where the British certificate does not record the foreign spouse as single, the declaration of never having been married to a Brazilian. A name taken on marriage is proved with documents such as a British passport or driving licence.
  • Helsinki (Embassy). The page requires “the physical presence of both spouses at the Consular Office” and excludes registration by mail or by proxy, public or private.

Three posts, three answers on who must attend. The safe reading is the narrow one: the requirements of the consular route are the requirements of your post, on the day you book. What the national rules add is that this is only the first half: the consular certificate still has to be transcribed in Brazil to produce effects there, and the Washington and Helsinki pages say so in their own words.

The transcription at the First Registry Office: the four documents of article 13

Whichever route you take, the Brazilian record is created by the transcription, and article 13 of Resolution 155 lists what the registrar receives:

a) certidão de assento de casamento emitida por autoridade consular brasileira ou certidão estrangeira de casamento legalizada por autoridade consular brasileira e traduzida por tradutor público juramentado;

b) certidão de nascimento do cônjuge brasileiro, ou certidão de casamento anterior com prova da sua dissolução, para fins do artigo 106 da Lei nº 6.015/1973 ;

c) declaração de domicílio do registrando na Comarca ou comprovante de residência/domicílio, a critério do interessado. Na falta de domicílio no Brasil, o traslado deverá ser efetuado no 1º Ofício do Distrito Federal; e

d) requerimento assinado por um dos cônjuges ou por procurador.

a) a marriage certificate issued by a Brazilian consular authority, or a foreign marriage certificate legalized by a Brazilian consular authority and translated by a sworn public translator; b) the birth certificate of the Brazilian spouse, or a certificate of a previous marriage with proof of its dissolution, for the purposes of article 106 of Law 6,015/1973; c) a declaration of the registrant's domicile in the district, or proof of residence or domicile, at the applicant's choice — where there is no domicile in Brazil, the transcription shall be made at the First Office of the Federal District; and d) an application signed by one of the spouses or by an attorney-in-fact.

Four practical notes on that list.

Where. The First Registry Office of the domicile in Brazil. Where there is no domicile in Brazil, item “c” and Law 6,015/1973, article 32, § 1, send the transcription to the First Office of the Federal District, in Brasília; the Civil Code's fallback in article 1,544, quoted below — the First Office of the capital of the state where the couple comes to live — addresses spouses who return to live in Brazil. A couple that lives abroad and has no Brazilian domicile does not have to invent one.

Who signs. One spouse or an attorney-in-fact. The foreign spouse can file alone, and a representative in Brazil can file for both, which is how this is done without travelling. The firm's article on signing a Brazilian power of attorney from abroad covers the three ways to give that power.

Originals. Article 4 of the Resolution requires the transcription to be made mediante apresentação de documentos originais — on presentation of original documents.

No judge. Article 1 makes the transcription an act of the registrar, with no court authorization. It is not a homologation and does not go to the Superior Court of Justice; what goes to that court is a foreign judgment, not a foreign marriage certificate.

What the list does not contain is just as useful. It does not ask for the foreign spouse's birth certificate, and it does not ask for a CPF. Consular posts ask for the foreign spouse's identification and parentage for their own record, as the Washington and London pages show, and a CPF is useful to the foreign spouse for many other things in Brazil — the firm's article on getting a CPF as a foreigner covers it — but neither is one of the four items of article 13. Resolution 155 does allow a CPF number to be annotated on transcriptions of records of Brazilians, free of charge (article 6-A).

The 180 days of the Civil Code

The Civil Code adds a time frame that almost no English-language guide mentions. Article 1,544 reads:

O casamento de brasileiro, celebrado no estrangeiro, perante as respectivas autoridades ou os cônsules brasileiros, deverá ser registrado em cento e oitenta dias, a contar da volta de um ou de ambos os cônjuges ao Brasil, no cartório do respectivo domicílio, ou, em sua falta, no 1º Ofício da Capital do Estado em que passarem a residir.

The marriage of a Brazilian celebrated abroad, before the local authorities or the Brazilian consuls, shall be registered within one hundred and eighty days of the return of one or both spouses to Brazil, at the registry office of their domicile or, failing that, at the First Office of the capital of the state where they come to live.

The article sets the deadline and the place; it does not set a consequence for missing it, and nothing in Resolution 155 refuses a transcription because time has passed. My reading, for planning: treat the 180 days as the moment the obligation becomes current — the Brazilian spouse who comes back to live in Brazil should not keep a marriage off the Brazilian books — and do not treat an old, unregistered marriage as lost. It is not; it is late.

What the Brazilian record will say: the property regime and your names

Foreign certificates rarely carry everything a Brazilian marriage record carries. Resolution 155 was written for that gap, and it decides in your favour more often than people expect.

Property regime. A foreign certificate usually says nothing about the property regime. Article 13, § 2 says that this omission não obstará o traslado — shall not prevent the transcription — and § 3 allows the regime to be annotated later, without a court order, on supporting documents; since the 2024 amendment by Resolution 583, that annotation names the country whose law applies and uses that law's own name for the regime. Every transcription also carries a fixed note, under § 4: "Aplica-se o disposto no art. 7º, § 4º, do Decreto-Lei nº 4.657/1942 " — the article of the Law of Introduction under which the regime follows the law of the country of the spouses' domicile or, if their domiciles differed, of the first marital domicile. Where a marriage celebrated abroad is governed by Brazilian law under that article, § 3-A lets the missing regime be supplied by annotating partial community of property (Civil Code, article 1,640) or mandatory separation of property (article 1,641), as the case may be. If you signed a prenuptial agreement abroad, § 5 tells the registrar to ask for its registration at a Registry of Titles and Documents in Brazil before the transcription. How the regime is decided and proved is the subject of the firm's article on prenuptial agreements in Brazil for foreigners.

Names. Many foreign certificates do not record the surname a spouse took on marriage. On the consular route, the posts whose pages I read take the proof of the new name for the consular record itself: Washington asks for an official U.S. government-issued photo ID showing the new name, London for a document such as a British passport or driving licence, and Helsinki asks for the name adopted after the marriage on its form and says that, once the marriage is registered there, the surname on the consular certificate cannot be changed. On the direct route, article 13, § 6 says that the omission does not prevent the transcription, and § 7 says what happens next — two acts, the marriage with the single names now and the new name by annotation later:

§ 7º Nesse caso, deverão ser mantidos os nomes de solteiro dos cônjuges. Faculta-se a averbação posterior, sem a necessidade de autorização judicial, mediante apresentação de documentação comprobatória de que os nomes foram modificados após o matrimônio, em conformidade com a legislação do país em que os nubentes tinham domicílio, nos termos do art. 7 do Decreto-Lei nº 4.657/1942 .

§ 7. In that case, the spouses' single names shall be kept. A later annotation is allowed, without a court order, on documents proving that the names were changed after the marriage in accordance with the law of the country where the spouses were domiciled, under article 7 of Decree-Law 4,657/1942.

For the foreign spouse this is mostly a question of matching documents: a Brazilian record that keeps your single name while your passport shows a married name is the kind of mismatch that surfaces years later, at a bank or at the Federal Police. Bring the proof of the name change to the consulate or the registry office on the first visit, not the second. Missing data of other kinds follows the same logic: article 13, § 9 lets it be added later by annotation, on documents, without a court order.

Already divorced? The marriage is registered first

A divorce is annotated onto a marriage record. If the marriage was never transcribed, there is nothing in Brazil to annotate it onto, so the order is fixed: marriage first, divorce second. Two texts show the sequence. The National Code of Notarial and Registry Rules lets a foreign consensual divorce be annotated directly at the Registry Office, without homologation by the Superior Court of Justice, in the simple or “pure” cases of its article 464 — and article 465 says the interested party files it junto ao assento de seu casamento, alongside the record of the marriage, with a tradução oficial juramentada e de chancela consular ou apostilamento. And the Washington page says that the Consulate General cannot register a marriage that has already been dissolved, so that registration must be made directly at a registry office in Brazil — that is, by the second route.

The firm's article on divorce in Brazil covers the divorce routes, and the one on Brazilian residency after divorce covers the transcription from the point of view of the foreign spouse who is already divorced and needs the Brazilian ex-spouse's birth certificate.

This is the same question asked from the other side, and the Brazilian part of the answer is short. A marriage celebrated in Brazil follows Brazilian law as to impediments and the formalities of the ceremony — the Law of Introduction, article 7, § 1: Realizando-se o casamento no Brasil, será aplicada a lei brasileira quanto aos impedimentos dirimentes e às formalidades da celebração. A marriage celebrated before a Brazilian civil authority is recorded in the Brazilian civil registry, and the Civil Code says how it is proved: O casamento celebrado no Brasil prova-se pela certidão do registro (article 1,543) — by the certificate of the registry. There is nothing to transcribe in Brazil. What you take abroad is that certificate, with a Brazilian apostille if the other country asks for one; who issues it, and how, is in the firm's apostille article.

Whether the other country gives the marriage effect is that country's law, and I state only what its own official sources say. For the United Kingdom, the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office publishes a note, dated August 2020, on the recognition of marriages celebrated in Brazil. It says that only a UK court can determine whether a particular marriage is valid under UK law, that “It is not possible to register in the UK a marriage celebrated in a foreign country”, and that, generally speaking, if the ceremony was valid where it was performed, both parties had the capacity to marry under the law of their country of domicile and both consented, “then the marriage is likely to be recognised in the UK”. The note ends by saying that its information is general and not a definitive statement of law. For the United States, recognition is a question of U.S. law, which I did not read for this article — the Department of State's page on marriage abroad could not be read on November 3, 2026 — and I state nothing about it. A U.S. or U.K. lawyer answers that half.

Common mistakes

  • Waiting for a reason. The registration is usually requested when a death, a sale or a divorce makes it urgent, and then the Brazilian spouse's certificates, the apostille and the translation all have to be produced under pressure.
  • Booking the consulate on the strength of another post's rules. Washington asks for the Brazilian spouse in person; Helsinki asks for both spouses; London refuses post and proxies. Read your post's page on the day you book.
  • Stopping at the consulate. The consular certificate is half the work. Until it is transcribed in Brazil, Brazilian offices that work from the registry do not see the marriage.
  • Legalizing what only needs an apostille. For documents from Apostille Convention countries, the apostille replaces consular legalization (Decree 8,660/2016, articles 2 and 3; Resolution 155, article 2, § 3), even though article 13 of the Resolution still uses the older word.
  • Translating abroad. The direct route needs a translation by a Brazilian sworn public translator; a translation certified in the country of the marriage is not the same document.
  • Assuming two foreigners can “transcribe”. The national rules provide the transcription for marriages of Brazilians. For two foreigners, the working tools are the apostille, the sworn translation and the Registry of Titles and Documents.
  • Leaving the name and the regime for later without a plan. Both can be annotated afterwards, but only on documents — bring them the first time.

How I handle a marriage registration

I start with two questions: is one of you Brazilian, and where is the marriage certificate from. That decides whether there is a transcription at all and whether the document needs an apostille or a legalization. Then I check the Brazilian spouse's civil status in Brazil — single, divorced with the divorce annotated, or not — because article 13 builds on it, and I choose the route by where you are and whether the marriage is still in force. The Brazilian part is done through a representative, so the foreign spouse rarely needs to travel; the name and the property regime are prepared in the same file, so the transcription comes out complete rather than in instalments. Written communication with the firm is in English, and meetings are held with an interpreter at no cost to you. Nothing in this article promises or suggests a result.

The three facts that organize registering a foreign marriage in Brazil

  • A marriage of a Brazilian celebrated abroad is already valid in Brazil, provided it does not offend national sovereignty, public order or good morals; the transcription gives it publicity and full effect, and it is made at the First Registry Office of the domicile, or of the Federal District, without a judge. Law 6,015/1973, article 32 and § 1; CNJ Resolution 155/2012, articles 1 and 13, §§ 10 and 11; Law of Introduction, article 17.
  • The file is the marriage certificate (consular, or foreign with an apostille and a Brazilian sworn translation), the Brazilian spouse's birth certificate, proof of domicile and an application signed by either spouse or an attorney-in-fact; the Civil Code asks for it within 180 days of the return to Brazil. Resolution 155, article 13; Decree 8,660/2016, articles 2 and 3; Civil Code, article 1,544.
  • If neither spouse is Brazilian, there is no transcription under these rules: the foreign certificate is used with an apostille, a sworn translation and registration at a Registry of Titles and Documents. Law 6,015/1973, articles 129, item 6, and 148.

Carvalho Barros Advocacia Internacional handles the registration of marriages, the annotations that follow and the divorces that depend on them for foreign clients, through its international family law practice.

Frequently asked questions

How do I register a foreign marriage in Brazil?

If one spouse is Brazilian, the marriage is transcribed (traslado) at the First Registry Office of the domicile in Brazil, or of the Federal District when there is none, without a court order (Law 6,015/1973, article 32, § 1; CNJ Resolution 155/2012, article 1). You can first register it at the Brazilian consulate and then transcribe the consular certificate, or file the foreign certificate directly, apostilled and translated by a Brazilian sworn translator. Article 13 of the Resolution asks for the marriage certificate, the Brazilian spouse's birth certificate (or proof that a prior marriage ended), a declaration or proof of domicile, and an application signed by one of the spouses or by an attorney-in-fact.

How do I register a US marriage in Brazil?

The same way as any foreign marriage of a Brazilian. Either the couple registers it at a Brazilian consular post, under that post's own rules — the Washington page, read on November 3, 2026, asks for the original long-form U.S. certificate and the Brazilian spouse in person — and then transcribes the consular certificate at the First Registry Office in Brazil; or the U.S. certificate is apostilled by the competent U.S. authority, translated by a Brazilian sworn translator and filed directly at that Registry Office. Under the Apostille Convention, promulgated in Brazil by Decree 8,660/2016, the apostille replaces consular legalization for documents from contracting states (articles 2 and 3).

Do both spouses need to go to the Brazilian consulate to register the marriage?

It depends on the post. On November 3, 2026, the Consulate General in Washington required the Brazilian spouse in person (either spouse, if both are Brazilian); the Consulate General in London said the registration cannot be done by post or power of attorney; and the Embassy in Helsinki required both spouses. Check your post's page on the day you book. The transcription in Brazil that follows can be requested by one spouse or by an attorney-in-fact (Resolution 155/2012, article 13, d).

Is a foreign marriage valid in Brazil if it is not registered?

Yes, provided it does not offend national sovereignty, public order or good morals (Resolution 155/2012, article 13, § 10; Law of Introduction, article 17). Records of Brazilians made abroad are authentic under the law of the place where they were made (Law 6,015/1973, article 32), and Resolution 155/2012 says the transcription gives publicity and effectiveness to a marriage already recognized as valid under Brazilian law (article 13, § 11). What the transcription adds is a Brazilian record, the record that a registry office, an inheritance or a later divorce in Brazil works from.

Can two foreigners register their marriage in Brazil?

Not by transcription under the national rules I read: Law 6,015/1973, article 32, Resolution 155/2012, articles 1 and 13, and article 462 of the National Code of Notarial and Registry Rules speak of marriages of Brazilians. A foreign couple uses its foreign certificate in Brazil with an apostille, a sworn translation and, to produce effects before public offices or courts, registration at a Registry of Titles and Documents (Law 6,015/1973, articles 129, item 6, and 148). Whether a state's own registry rules allow another kind of entry was not checked.

Is there a deadline to register a marriage celebrated abroad?

The Civil Code, article 1,544, says the marriage of a Brazilian celebrated abroad shall be registered within 180 days of the return of one or both spouses to Brazil, at the registry office of their domicile or, failing that, at the First Office of the capital of the state where they come to live (for spouses who return to live in Brazil; with no domicile in Brazil, Law 6,015/1973, article 32, § 1, sends the transcription to the First Office of the Federal District). The article sets no consequence for missing that time, and Resolution 155/2012 does not refuse a transcription because time has passed. An old, unregistered marriage is late, not lost.

Do I need an apostille and a sworn translation?

On the direct route, yes: the foreign certificate must be apostilled in the country that issued it — or legalized at a Brazilian consulate if that country is not party to the Apostille Convention — and translated by a Brazilian sworn public translator (Resolution 155/2012, article 13, a; Decree 8,660/2016, articles 2 and 3). On the consular route, the consulate issues a Brazilian certificate, and its own page says which documents it wants translated or apostilled.

Can I register my marriage in Brazil without travelling there?

Usually, yes. The transcription can be requested by one of the spouses or by an attorney-in-fact (Resolution 155/2012, article 13, d), so a representative in Brazil can file it; where there is no domicile in Brazil, it is made at the First Registry Office of the Federal District. Only the consular route needs an appointment at the post abroad.

Is a marriage in Brazil legal in the US?

From the Brazilian side, a marriage celebrated in Brazil follows Brazilian law as to impediments and the formalities of the ceremony (Law of Introduction, article 7, § 1) and is proved by the certificate of the Brazilian registry (Civil Code, article 1,543); there is nothing to transcribe in Brazil. Whether it is recognized in the United States is a question of U.S. law, which I did not read for this article.

Is a marriage in Brazil legal in the UK?

The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office's note on Brazil, dated August 2020, says that only a UK court can determine whether a particular marriage is valid under UK law, that it is not possible to register in the UK a marriage celebrated in a foreign country, and that if the ceremony was valid where it was performed, both parties had capacity under the law of their domicile and both consented, the marriage is likely to be recognised in the UK. The note describes itself as general information, not a definitive statement of law.

What if my foreign marriage certificate does not show the property regime or my married name?

Neither omission prevents the transcription (Resolution 155/2012, article 13, §§ 2 and 6). The property regime can be annotated later without a court order, naming the country whose law applies (§ 3, as amended by Resolution 583/2024). On the direct route, married names not on the certificate are kept as single names and can be annotated later on proof that they changed under the law of the spouses' domicile (§ 7); on the consular route, the Washington, London and Helsinki posts take the proof of the new name for the consular record itself, and Helsinki says the surname on its certificate cannot be changed afterwards.

Luiz Alberto de Carvalho Barros Filho

About the author

Luiz Alberto de Carvalho Barros Filho

Attorney at Law — Brazilian Bar (OAB/AL 7.530)

Brazilian attorney dedicated to private international law and cross-border taxation. Published author in the International Law Deskbook 2.0 (The Florida Bar) and contributor to the International Law Quarterly, also of The Florida Bar.

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Legal note. This article is informational, does not replace individual legal advice and promises no result (Brazilian Bar Provision OAB No. 205/2021). The provisions it relies on were read on November 3, 2026 in their official sources: Law No. 6,015/1973 (articles 32, 129 and 148), the Civil Code (articles 1,543 and 1,544; articles 1,640 and 1,641 as referred to in Resolution 155, article 13, § 3-A), the Law of Introduction to the Norms of Brazilian Law, Decree-Law No. 4,657/1942 (articles 7 and 17), and Decree No. 8,660/2016 (Apostille Convention, articles 2 and 3), on the federal legislation portal; National Justice Council Resolution No. 155/2012, as amended by Resolutions No. 419/2021 and No. 583/2024 (articles 1, 2, 4, 6-A and 13), and Provision No. 149/2023, the National Code of Notarial and Registry Rules (articles 462, 464 and 465), on the CNJ's acts portal; the marriage-registration pages of the Brazilian Consulate General in Washington, the Consulate General in London and the Embassy in Helsinki; and the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office note "Brazil: recognition of marriage" (August 2020). Portuguese passages are reproduced from the official texts; the English that accompanies them is the author's working translation, and the Portuguese is the only authoritative version. Declared limits: (i) consular requirements are those of the three posts named, on the date read, and change; (ii) the registry rules of each Brazilian state were not read, including any entry they may allow for a marriage between two foreigners; (iii) no consequence of missing the 180 days of article 1,544 of the Civil Code is stated; (iv) the law of any U.S. state on the recognition of a marriage celebrated in Brazil was not read — the Department of State's page could not be read on November 3, 2026; (v) the United Kingdom's position is only what its official note says; (vi) fees and processing times of Brazilian registry offices are not stated. To review your specific case, contact attorney Luiz Barros — Brazilian Bar, OAB/AL 7.530.


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The firm advises international clients with an individual analysis of their situation in Brazil. Fully remote, in English — meetings with an interpreter at no additional cost.

OAB/AL 7.530 — Fully remote service, worldwide

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